代词，形容词，介词知识梳理与精练 代词 考点一 人称代词 1.人称代词主格、宾格列表如下: 单数 人称数格 一 I 二 you 主格 宾格 2.人称代词的用法 三 she;he;it 复数 二 you 一 we 三 they (1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。如:She is a good student. (2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。如:I don’t know her. His mother is waiting for him outside. 3.人称代词的顺序 几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是: 单数形式(二、三、一)you,he/she and I 复数形式(一、二、三)we,you and they 根据句意,用所给人称代词的正确形式填空 ①My pencil is broken. Please pass My pencil is broken. Please pass ②We all like Mr. Green because We all like Mr. Green because (I) a new one. (he)is really cool and fun. ③I like reading music magazines and I often buy I like reading music magazines and I often buy ④Ms. Read will give Ms. Read will give (we) a talk about healthy life this afternoon. ⑤ Look at the girl over there. Look at the girl over there. 考点二 (they)in the bookshop near my house. (she) is my cousin Sue. 物主代词 1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,列表如下: 数人称 词义类 型 形容词 单数 一 二 我的 你的 复数 三 他的 她的 它的 一 二 三 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 my your his her its our your their 性 名词性 2.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用。如:His parents are both office workers. 3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如:My idea is quite different from hers. 4.名词性物主代词可与 of 连用作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。如: He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友) 5.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别 形容词性物主代词之后要接名词 ,而名词性物主代词之后不需接名词。如 :这张票是她的,不是我的。[误] This is hers ticket.It’s not my. [正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine. 根据句意,用所给物主代词的正确形式填空 ①My pencil is broken. Please pass He is a new student here. ②We all like Mr. Green because (his) name is Tony. (our) micro blog is a window for foreigners to understand China. ③I like reading music magazines and I often buy —Whose book is this? —It’s Lucy’s. And the red pen is (her), too. ④Ms. Read will give —Tomorrow is Lingling’s birthday. —So is (my). ⑤ Look at the girl over there. Our school is bigger than (their). 1.Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading __________ books. A. his B. her C. their D. your 2. —Judy, is that boy with glasses ________new classmate? —Yes. Let's say hello to________. A. we; he B. us; himself C. ours; his D. our; him 3. The dictionary on the desk is ________ Mine is on the chair over there. A. yours 考点三 B. your C. mine D. my 反身代词 1.反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 数 单数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 第三人称 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 themselves 2.反身代词的常用词组 考点四 自学 自学 过得愉快;玩得高兴 苏醒 受伤 独自 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词和 it 的用法 一、不定代词 (1)普通不定代词 初中阶段常用的普通不定代词,列表如下: 随便吃/用 some;any many;much few;little either;neither each;every both;all none; one; other ①My pencil is broken. Please pass some 与 any some 和 any 均表示“一些”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句 中,any 多用于疑问句、否定句中或 if,whether 后。但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请 求、建议时应用 some。如: There aren’t any students in the classroom. Look!Some boys are playing football. —Would you like some coffee?—Yes,please. ②We all like Mr. Green because many 与 much many 指代或修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词 so,too,how 连用。much 指代或修饰不可数名词,也 可以与表示程度的副词 so,too,how 连用。如: How many bottles of water do you need? He never eats so much breakfast. ③I like reading music magazines and I often buy either 与 neither 相同点 不同点 均用于两个人或物 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。either...or... 或者……或者…… neither 指“两者中没有一个”(全否定)。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。neither...nor... 两者都不…… ④Ms. Read will give both 与 all both 表示“两者都”,常与 and 连用;all 指“三者或三者以上都”,常与 of 连用。如: Both she and I are students. Both plans are good. Jim,Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here. 注意 both;all;either;any;neither;none 的区别 不定代词 两者 三者或三者以上 ⑤ Look at the girl over there. each 与 every(限定词) 都 both all 任何 either any 都不 neither none each 和 every 都表示“每一”。each 强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,当它作同位语时,不影响谓 语动词的数;every 强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外,each 指两个或两个以上的人或 事物,而 every 指三个或三个以上的人或事物。如: There are trees on each side of the road. Every student in Class 5 has passed the exam. Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt. We each wear a yellow T-shirt. ⑥little;a little;few;a fewlittle;a little;few;a few 代替复数名词 a few(一些) few(几乎没有)少 肯定 否定 如: 代替不可数名词 a little(少量) little(几乎没有)少 Would you please buy some salt for me,Tony?There is little left. I recognized a few of other people. ⑦other;the other;others;the others;anotherother;the other;others;the others;another 不定代词 意义 other 另外的 the other 两者中的另一个 others 另一些 the others 其余的 another 又一,另一 2.复合不定代词 用法说明 可作定语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有 the,some,any,each,every,no,my,your,his 等,则可与单数名词连用 常与 one 连用,构成“one...,the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全 部” 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,可以构成“some...,others...”结构 特指其余所有的人或物 一般情况下,后面接可