第16讲 八上新知专题 完形填空题型解题技巧 【暑假辅导班】2021 年新八年级英语暑假精品课程（牛津译林版） 第一部分 题型解题技巧 一、完形填空题型介绍 完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力 考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。首先要求考生具备较 强的阅读能力，具备能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力，它还要求考 生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查了使用语言的准确性。 由于完形填空属于有障碍性的阅读，考生对阅读这些含有空缺单词的短文没有把握、困难较大，所以往往 望题生畏。因而完形填空历来是考生失分率较高的题型。 二、完形填空题型做题技巧 1、完形填空的做题误区 很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉 哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险 的。 (1) 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择; (2) 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这 个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这 样的答案一定是错误的。 2、解题步骤 在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的 选择。 具体可分为以下三步： 01 通览全文，了解大意 02 综合考虑，先易后难 03 复读检验，消除疏漏 3、考查重点及解题思路 纵观这几年试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单 词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。 完形填空非常强调逻辑对应，请大家注意以下几点: 01 通览全文，了解大意 02 重点关注例子与例子之间的关系 03 选词请重视“具体表达”、“最佳适用原则” 4、应该如何入手 01 做题前 先花 30-45 秒时间预览文章，大致了解文章的体裁 (记叙、议论或者…… )、文章内容、几个段 落、是否有小标题和项目符号(这个往往是该段的主题句)。 02 做题时 首句和小标题重点读， 充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧 (例子与例子的关系，例子与中 心句的关系、平行关系等等)，注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。 特别提醒，绝对避免见空填空， (即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择 )，这样很危险，失误 率会大大增加。再次强调，完形填空强调单词、短语在语境 (句子层面，段落层面，篇章层面 )的应 用。请填第一格词，务必读到第二格，很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类 推。 03 完成试题后 请重读该文 1-2 遍，确保单词在该句语法，语义，语境都合适。完型填空不是没有规律可循的 。 要学会掌握一种“顺藤摸瓜”的方法，也就是寻找线索。 句子本身的线索主要指空格前后所要求的搭配、词汇的并列等；句子之间的线索主要指逻辑关 系，如转折、因果、递进等;全文线索主要指文章的主题、作者的倾向以及词汇的同义复现，即作者 在上下文中以不同的词表达同一意思等。 所以要根据不同情况寻找不同线索，然后确定答案。 第二部分 完形填空专项训练（含解析） 一 While I was waiting to go to college, I saw in a newspaper a teaching job about ten miles from where I lived. Because I needed money and wanted to 1 something useful, I applied Three days later, a letter 2 . It asked me to see the principal(校长) at Croydon. It was an 3 journey-a train to Croydon station, a 4 bus ride and then a walk of at 5 a quarter of a mile. It was clear that the principal(校长) 6 opened the door. He was 7 and round. "The school," he said, "has a group of twenty-four boys between seven 8 thirteen." I had to 9 all the subjects except Art which he taught himself. It was 10 that I had to teach them on Saturday afternoon. Before I had time to ask about my salary(工资) , he stood up. "Now," he said, "you'd better meet my wife（妻 子）. She is the one who really runs this school." 1．A．buy B．give C．teach D．write 2．A．arrived B．reached C．got D．wrote 3．A．comfortable B．difficult C．uncomfortable D．short 4．A．10-minute B．10 minute C．10-minutes 5．A．first D．10 minutes B．last C．least D．most 6．A．himself B．him C．his D．he 7．A．bad B．glad C．short D．smiling 8．A．to B．and C．for 9．A．like B．practice D．or C．study D．teach 10．A．bad B．betterC．worse D．good 二 Ashley was outspoken, fashionable, and the “Queen Bee” in my school. I looked up to her and admired her. I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted in her group. One day, I skipped (溜走) out of my last class a few minutes early to 11 seats for our group at the dining hall. Focusing on my homework, I didn't notice they had sat down behind me. Before I could say a word, I realized what they were talking about. I listened silently. “She's such a loser,” one girl said. Another girl added, “Ashley, she 12 follows you, trying to copy you.” “I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends.” The once familiar voice sounded so 13 and strange. I felt really embarrassed (尴尬的). My hands were shaking. I couldn't help crying sadly. I felt hear-broken for the very first time. How did this happen? I 14 we were friends. I ran home. My mother just held me while I cried for hours. The advice she gave was so heard it a million times. “Just be yourself and people will like you for meaningful. Then and there I 17 16 15 , and I had you are.” This time it became so to find myself back. That was exactly what I did. Over the next month, I went through a lot of 18 I bought new clothes that I wanted to wear. I no longer went to art class with them, and took theatre. I began making new friends. I developed my own 19 and never again followed the crowd. I had an amazing school year. When I look back, I think it was the year when I discovered the person I was going to be. Despite (尽管) the pain I felt that day, it was a 11．A．get 20 they had given me. B．buy C．cover D．move 12．A．hardly B．always C．never D．sometimes 13．A．serious B．special C．weak D．cold 14．A．found B．dreamed C．realized D．thought 15．A．funny B．simple D．diffe