学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号： 学员姓名： 授课 类型 年 级：初二 辅导科目：英语 T 8A Unit2 同步知识梳理（上） 课 时 数：3 学科教师： C 数量的比较、副词比较级 T 阅读训练 最高级的构成 授 课 日 期时段 教学内容 一、同步知识梳理 知识点 1：Why don’t dogs go to school ,Eddie? 埃迪，狗为什么不上学呢？(P18)P18)) “Why don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+主语+动词原形+其他”，意为“为什么不，为何不”通常表示建议或责备。其中，“why don’t you +谓语动词+其他”相当于“Why not+动词原形+其他”。表示建议的句型还有：What/How about... eg: Why don’t you go to the party? Why didn’t you give them some advice? 知识点 2：They have to work harder.他不得不努力学习。（P18)） 常用短语：have to do sth .不得不干某事 eg: She has to finish her homework before watching TV. The workers have to work for 12 hours a day without rest. 辨析：have to 与 must must 多表示因主观需要或责任感的驱使而有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而“have to” 多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求（无奈）而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。 eg: I must clean the room because it is too dirty. We must be there on time . I have to do my homework now. I have to leave school because my family is poor now. must 没有时态的变化，而 have to 有时态的变化。 eg: Daming was hurt .They doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks.His father has to go to take care of him . We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 知识点 3：It’s like watching TV ,but there are fewer advertisements.就像看电视，但是广告少些。（P18） fewer 为 few 的比较级,意为“更少的，较少的”。 1 eg: I have fewer books than you. 辨析：few, a few, little, 与 a little few 很少的，几乎没有的 表否定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 a few 少数的，几个 表肯定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 little 几乎没有 表否定。修饰不可数名词。 a little 一点儿，少量 表肯定。修饰不可数名词。 eg: I’m new in Nanjing . I have few friends here . There are a few apples in the basket. You may eat him . There’s little milk in the fridge . We have to buy them . His brother knows a little French. 知识点 4:I am in Year8) at Woodland School near London.我在伦敦附近的林地学校读八年级。（P20） 常用短语：in Year 8 意为“在八年级”。也可说成 in Grade 8 或 in the eighth year/grade. eg: My daughter is studying in Year 8 at Sunshine Secondary School. Is the girl in red in the eighth grade in our school? 知识点 5：It is a mixed school .它是一所男女混合学习。（P20） mixed 是形容词，意为“混合的”。 eg: They have mixed feelings of sorrow and happiness. mixes 的动词形式为 mix,意为“混合，搅拌，掺合”； 名词形式是 mixture，意为“混合物”。 eg: They young men does not mix freely with people. That’s the mixture of the oil and water. 知识点 6：Learning foreign languages is fun.学外语很有趣。（P20） (1)learning foreign languages 是动名词短语，“动词+ing”构成动名词，起名词作用，但又带有动词的特征。动名词短 语在句中作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 eg: Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 辨析：learn 与 study learn study 两者都可用作及物动词，意为 “学，学习”，在表示学习或学某 种语言或学科等时可互相替换。 learn 常指初学阶段的学习，强调从头学起。 study 指较高程度或较深的学习或研究，强调学 习过程，后接名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式。 eg: He is learning English.=He is studying English. The baby is learning to speak. (2)fun 的用法 （1）作不可数名词，表示“乐趣，享乐”。 eg: We had a lot of fun at the party. Have fun! funny adj 滑稽的，有趣的。形容词比较级：funnier；最高级：funniest。 2 知识点 7：During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library.在这一周，我们可以从校园图书馆借 更多的书。（P20） （1）“during+某段时间”意为“在”意为“在......期间”意为“在”，有以下几种用法： ① 在......的整个期间”意为“在。 eg: Don’t speak during the meal. ② 在......期间”意为“在的某一时刻。 eg: They met and fell in love with each other during the Second World War. I went to visit the Great Wall during the summer vacation. （2）borrow...from ...“从……借”。 eg: I wanted to borrow some money from her,but she lent me nothing. 知识点 8：Near the end of the week ,we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在读书接近尾声时，我们再课 上就我们所读的书和同学们进行了讨论。（P20） （1）near the end of ...意为“在......快要结束时”。 eg: Near the end of the meeting,he told us the good news. 知识拓展：与 end 相关的短语 at the end of ...在...的末尾； in the end 最后; by the end of 到...的末尾为止 （2）discuss 意为“讨论，议论”，为及物动词，后可直接加宾语，其后无需加 about. discuss sth with sb.与某人谈论某 事。 eg: I want to discuss the exam with you . 知识点 9：Time seems to go faster when you are reading interesting books.当我们读有趣的书时，时间”意为“在似乎过得很 快。（P20） seem 可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“似乎，好像”，其常见用法现归纳如下： （1）“主语+seem（+to be）+ 表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状 态。 eg: Tom seems (to be ) a clever boy. Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. （2）“主语+seem+不定式”，此结构中的 seem 与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 eg: Mrs Green doesn’t seem (或 seem not) to like the idea. The children seemed to be eating something in the room. （3)“It seems +that 从句”，其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句。 eg: It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. It seems to me that Mrs Brown will not come again. 知识点 10：He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help. 他经常认真的听我的问题，给我帮助。 （P20） offer，动词，意为“主动提出，自愿给予”，相当于 give，后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接双宾语，即 offer sb .sth=offer sth. to sb。 eg: The girl offered the old man her own seat on the bus. 3 二、同步题型分析 例 1：It’s raining .Why not __________ (take) a raincoat with you ? 解析：why not 后接动词原形，表示“为什么不……”。 答案：take 例 2：--________