第12讲 八上新知专题 简单句基本句型 【暑假辅导班】2021 年新八年级英语暑假精品课程（牛津译林版） 第一部分 语法 简单句教材原句 ①Their value isn't always important.Their value isn't always important.它们的价值并不总是那么重要。 ②Yes,I collect coins and notes...Yes,I collect coins and notes...是的，我收集硬币和纸币.... ③Hobbies can make you grow a5 a person...Hobbies can make you grow a5 a person...爱好可以促使你成..... ④I show you my stamps too.I show you my stamps too.我也给你看看我的邮票。 ⑤put the fans on the shelf.put the fans on the shelf.我要把扇子放到架子上。 简单句的基本句型 1.主语+系动词+表语(+状语)(主系表结构) 主要用来说明主语的特征、属性、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的动词有: be, become, get, smell,taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go,turn, fall, keep 等。 He became a scientist later.他后来成了一名科学家。 2.主语+不及物动词(+状语)(主谓结构)此结构常用来表示主语的动作。 They worked day and night.他们夜以继日地工作。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语(+状语)(主谓宾结构)此结构中的谓语必须是及物动词或短语。 I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。 4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人) +直接宾语(物)(+状语)(主谓+双宾语结构) 此结构中常见的接双宾语的动词有: ①Their value isn't always important. 可用 to 变换间接宾语的动词:give, hand, offer,show, throw, pass, send, sell, lend 等。 Could you give me the letter? = Could you give the letter to me?你能把那封信给我吗? ②Yes,I collect coins and notes... 可用 for 变换间接宾语的动词: buy, cook, get,order, fetch 等。 He bought me a bottle of ink. =He bought a bottle of ink for me.他为我买了一瓶墨水。 Note:当直接宾语(物)是代词时,要用“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+to/for +间接宾语"结构。 Please give it to me.请把它给我。 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)(主谓+复合宾语结构) 此结构中宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。 She will make him happy.她会让他幸福。 6. There be 句型 "There be +主语(+状语)"表示....有某人或某物”。其中 There 在句子不作任何成分，句子的主语是某人 或某物,be 动词的形式要与主语的形式保持一致。当主语是多个名词时,be 动词的形式遵循"就近原则”。 There is a book on the desk.桌子上有本书。 There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和一些钢笔。 第二部分 简单句专项训练（含解析） 一、单项选择 1．I’m waiting for my friend. If she _____, I’ll go shopping alone. A．comes B．will come C．doesn’t come 2．If you get up late tomorrow, you ____________ the first bus. A．don’t catch B．didn’t catch C．won’t catch D．aren’t catching 3．If we ______ take environmental problems seriously, the earth ______ worse and worse. A．don’t; will be B．won’t; isn’t C．won’t; is D．don’t; won’t be 4．---I ______to make a decision for myself .What should I do ? ----If I _____you , I ‘d talk with my parents A．don’t allow, am B．won’t allow， was C．am not allowed, were D．weren’t allowed ,be 5．There is A．not; and milk fruit juice in the fridge. B．not; with C．no; or D．no; with C．won’t rain D．doesn’t rain 6．—What are you going to do tomorrow? —We’ll go shopping tomorrow if it ________. A．isn’t rain B．rain 7．—Do you know if we will go for a picnic this Saturday? —I think we will go if we ________ any classes. A．won't have B．didn't have C．don't have D．aren't have 8．—Would you mind _________ in the dining hall? —Of course not. A．not to smoke B．not smoking C．smoke D．not smoke 9．She ________ wash the dishes now. A．not has to B．not have to C．doesn’t has to D．doesn’t have to 10．—Well, I have never eaten Chinese food outside of China. —______. A．Me, too B．Me neither C．Neither have I D．Both B and C 11．"All the students can't speak Spanish." means________. A．No students can speak Spanish. B．Some students can speak Spanish. C．Every student can speak Spanish. D．None of the students can speak Spanish. 12．I ________ sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps. A．didn't use to B．used to C．was used to D．wasn't used to 13．— Could you please ________ too much? You are much too heavy. — OK. I should remember I am trying to lose weight! A．don’t eat B．not eat 14．Tom has a day off, so he A．hasn't C．eat go to work today, he can have a good rest. B．hasn't to C．has to D．doesn't have to 15．—How about seeing the film Mission: Impossible-Fallout this evening? —I'm sorry I _______ free this evening. Let's make it next Monday. A．was B．wasn't C．will be D．won't be 二、根据图画及所给单词写出句子 16． how, wonderful __________________________________________________ 17． borrow, __________________________________________________ 18． Song Zuying, famous, folk _________________________________________________ 19． learn, so…that…, ______________________________________________________ 20． vegetable, not…at all _____________________________________________________ 三、句型转换 根据括号内所给要求改写句子。 21．My brother spent much money buying books last week. (用 pay 改为同义句) My brother ________ much money ________ books last week.. 22．There will be less pollution in the future, _________ ________? (改为反义疑问句） 23．He studied for a test by reading books. (划线提问） ________ ________